Before Sunrise And The Slacker Genre Film Studies Essay

Before Sunrise And The Slacker Genre Film Studies Essay Before Sunrise, is a movie featuring two strangers, Celine and Jesse, who met on a train and spent a night sharing experiences, thoughts and affections, but parted before sunrise. The movie has a taken a minimalist plot as it involves the two characters walking around the city of Vienna, sharing their experiences openly as they believe they may never get to see each other again. Its sequel is a 2004 movie called Before Sunset, which continues with the story. Celine and Jesse meet each other after nine years. They walk around the city of Paris talking about their experiences especially on issues to do with life and love, and they realize they still love each other. They agree to meet again at the same place six months later as the train leaves. This paper presents a review of the genre of the two movies and the significance of the applied genre. Slacker genre Before Sunrise and Before Sunset belong to the slacker genre. They have deviated from the convention plot which characterizes Hollywood movies. The movies have a minimalist plot whereby the characters are followed throughout the cities as they walk and talk about their experiences. Because of this, nothing much seems to happen and the movies therefore seem to have no plot. Lack of plot in the movies is also emphasized by the fact that the movies have no antagonists or protagonists, and they do not revolve around a conflict as is the case with Hollywood movies. The two characters simply stroll around the respective cities in the two movies and talk about issues ranging from religion, life, love, and the cities. At no point do they engage in a conflict. Generation X films and Characters The characters in the movies belong to Generation X. Jesse and Celineà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s love reflects that of teens whose grasp of aspects such as reality, and emotions seems weird. They fall in love deeply despite the reality facing them that they may never see each other again. In Before Sunrise, the characters engage in low key laughter, which seems to emerge from interactions of the main characters. The way they relate makes the film look like a love story rather than like a romantic comedy. Their love seems perfect with no commitments, obstacles, conflicts, or change of lifestyle to fit in to the others world. Thei9r love seems so real and it is the best kind of love ever seen on screen (Before Sunrise). In Before Sunset, the same kind of love continues between the characters. It seems as if they have been together all along. Obstacles that would seemingly affect the love such as Jesseà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s wife and son, and Celineà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s boyfriend do not come in to th eir way. The two movies showcase a love only possible among the generation X who do not let anything get in to their way. The characters are thus exemplary of Generation X. The two characters seem to be hyper-talkative. Unlike in the Hollywood movies which center the main idea around a conflict which needs to be resolved urgently, these movies present a situation where the characters are living in the moment. They are totally open to each other due to their heightened romantic involvement; unlike in Hollywood Movies whose source of conflict is secrets and lack of openness. Jesse and Celine want to share the moments they have and make it last forever. The movies setting and ideals as well as the genre are clear indications that the target group is young people, who believe in a love that can endure all kinds of obstacles. The movies are expressing the strong emotions that are usually repressed in individualà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s everyday lives. The movies have taken details found in our everyday lives and transformed them in to moments of strong emotions. These are however a reality among teenagers who believe in a strong kind of love that is unconditional, and they are best expressed in Generation X films. In addition, the idea of wandering in a foreign city with a stranger you have just met but feel emotionally connected brings about a feeling of intoxication among young people than it would in older adults. Significance of the Deviation from Hollywood Conventional Plot Deviation from the conventional Hollywood plot brought about a different kind of reality from that brought about in the Hollywood plot. The deviation has enabled the movie to bring about the interpersonal connections that exist between people and that allow them to find new value in their lives. Despite having deviated from the social norms and ideals of the Hollywood conventional plot, the movies are fully achieved art works with a lot of creativity and suspense created through repeated viewings. The movie offers illusion of an eternal moment and a fulfillment of a dream by capturing the significance of each moment in the scenes despite their seemingly messy complexity. Despite being plotless, the movies are well structured in terms of the things the characters say to each other, when, and how they say them (Before Sunrise). Varying Aspects of the Movies from those of Hollywood narrative Convention Deviation from the Hollywood plot in the movies was achieved through incorporating or leaving out a variety of aspects. One of these aspects is the setting. Instead of the elaborate setting in movies with convectional plots, these movies revolve around similar settings which are not elaborate. The two characters are first seen in the train where they meet, and after that, the setting changes to the cities where they stroll. In Before Sunrise, they enter in to places such as bars, and restaurants (Before Sunrise). Before Sunset has a similar setting whereby they walk around Paris entering in to places like gardens and restaurants. The film language is different from that of Hollywood movies. The camera movements of the movies are quite unique. There is a lot of reframing which results to viewing repetitions in Before Sunrise which help in capturing emotions (Before Sunrise). Before Sunset is majorly inclusive of long-take tracking pictures. Their significance is that they have enhanced realism which is non-existent. The movie has contrasting and masterful lighting. The dialogue between the characters is light and calculated as they talk about their lives, love, and their experiences. This is contrary to the conventional plot whose dialogue is strong basing on the conflict. Character development is not given much significance as the story itself. Celine is presented as a modern woman who is confident and smart. She is also presented as funny and lovely. Jesse on the other hand, is a bit old fashioned, goofy, intelligent, and sensitive. He is also evasive as he avoids confessing of having any romantic feelings. In order to tell the story without necessarily employing a specific plot, the movies have employed a simple narrative structure. The immediacy of each of his scenes through calculated revelations of the characters about their lives, feelings and opinions about things. The point at which they reveal details about themselves, and how they reveal them are gradual and elaborate. It does not consist of a conflict waiting to be resolved, or protagonists and antagonists. The structure gives the movie its substance which is the details the characters reveal about themselves, how they tell them, and the memories they have about their encounters. Conclusion The movies, Before sunrise and Before Sunset present a love story that is strong and fragile at the same time. The movies are however quite unique as they belong to the slacker genre. The movies have completely deviated from the Hollywood Conventional plot through the use of different kinds of settings, lighting, and narrative structure. Most importantly, the storyline deviates from the narrative convention as the storyline itself which does not have such aspects such as protagonist, antagonist or conflict which are considered significant. These aspects have made the movies to be considered as examples of slacker genre, and to the overall success of the movies.

Learning Agreement Essay

Instructions: * There are 4 parts to a Learning Agreement. You must remember to complete every section since marks will be awarded for each section. Sections in a Learning Agreement Remarks Marks Allocated Objective(s) This is where you determine ‘What’ you want to learn from a particular department 15% Strategies The ‘Strategies’ is where you determine ‘How’ you are going to achieve your objective(s) or ‘where’ you are going to get the information required to fulfill your learning. 15% Assessor Comments You will have to submit this to your Manager(s) for their comments and signature & company stamp. (When submitting this to your manager(s), you need not show them the Students Reflections, just your objectives and strategies) 5% Student Reflections This is where you develop a report on your objective(s) – this is where you can also develop the learning outcomes. 65% * No part of this report may be reproduced, in any form or by any means. Work submitted based on any of the examples may be awarded no marks. AN EXAMPLE OF A LEARNING AGREEMENT Student Name : X Placement : Human Resource Department Assessor : Ms A Subject Area : Health and Safety Objective To learn and observe the health and safety regulation used in R Company for its employees Strategies for achieving the objective * Discuss with the Human Resource Manager regarding the safety procedures provided by R Company * Tour around the office to observe any hazardous condition and safety procedures implemented in R Company * Discuss with the staff on their opinion about safety in R Company Target date of completion : Y Verification by Assessor and Comments [This is where you get your Manager/Assessor to comment about your performance in the area identified above and get him/her to sign (& stamped).] Signature & Stamp _________________________________________________________ Student’s Reflections [This is where you write in detail about your objectives.] It is important that any company to provide a safe workplace for its employees. For many companies, safety is considered to be a very minor issue, but if one were to look at it closely, it plays a very important role to ensure a safe working environment. This is because a minor negligence in safety could lead to a major disaster. R Company being a company dealing with both local and foreign customers has to always take the effort to ensure that they provide safe and secure services to its customers. It is also necessary to provide enough safety for the employees working there. In my observation on the working condition in R Company, the safety here is awfully neglected. From my personally experience, I had injured my toe more than twice during my 5 months there. This is because all the files are allocated on the floor and due to the small walking space, it is easy for anyone to kick the files and causing injury. The first reason why the files are placed on the floor is because lack of space in the file cabinets. The second reason is because of the staff themselves, they place the files that they need on the floor around the desk. A condition such as this is hazardous to the employees because it will reduce that maneuverability in the company. The staff will have difficulty walking around and might injure themselves because of the files being placed on the floor. If in any case where there is fire, the employees will tend to rush out of the office. With the files placed on the floor, someone might trip and fall. Due to the rushing of all the employees, the victim might suffer major injuries and probably death. It is always important to keep all walk space clear of any obstacle and is wide enough for people to walk safely. This is to ensure that nobody would get trip and injure themselves while working or in an emergency case. The other thing that I observed in both branches of R Company in M City and N City is that they do not have a fire exit. The fire exit of N City branch is locked and blocked with boxes of old documents and brochures. I also noticed that they do not even have any fire extinguisher placed in the office. This shows that there are no proper safety procedures for the staff when there is an emergency situation. Fire escape routes are also not set and displayed in the office. Without these safety items in the office, it can be hazardous when there is a fire situation. The employees there do not know how to react during a fire, how to vacate the building during a fire and the knowledge of any fire fighting equipment placed in the premises. When I interviewed the Human Resource Manager regarding the practice of safety for the employees, I was shocked when he told me that this issue was never discussed. This is very disappointing because I believe many companies fail to see the importance to practice a safe workplace and concern about the welfare of its employees. Even though an emergency situation is unlikely to happen in a commercial office, it is very important that the staff know what to do when an emergency situation occurs. Firstly, it is important that the staff know how to react during a fire situation. This is because a fire accident could happen anytime without warning, therefore it is better to be prepared when it does happen. To be prepared for this, the fire escape route must be cleared. The management of the company should set up and display the emergency escape route all over the office. With this information displayed, the staff would know where to go during an emergency situation. The fire escape routes should also be cleared of any obstacles. This is to ensure an easy escape path and there are no difficulties using it. The office should also be equipped with fire extinguishers to combat any fire situations. This is because in most cases, a fire disaster can be avoided if it is dealt with immediately. With fire extinguishers placed around the office, a minor fire can be attended to before it gets out of hand. I noticed that in R Company there is no fire alarm system. It is important to install a fire alarm system to alert the staff in case of a fire situation because it could take just a few minutes for any fire to consume the whole building. Therefore it is best that all the employees are notified immediately by the fire alarm and able to vacate the premises as soon as possible. When all the facilities and procedures installed to combat a fire situation, it is also necessary to educate the employees on how to use them. A safety committee should be set up to continuously educate the employees on safety and how to react during an emergency situation. The committee is responsible to provide education to the employees on how to use the fire extinguisher, identify the different types of fire extinguishers available and which one is best to use in each type of fire cause. The committee can also conduct frequent audit of the workplace to ensure that all fire escape routes are not blocked and all fire extinguishers are easily accessible. By conducting audits, it is also possible to identify any fire hazard in the company and action could be taken before it turns into a disaster. R Company should also hold a fire drill twice a year to make sure that all employees know what to do if the fire alarm goes off. This is to avoid a panic situation which could cost lives. When the staff are educated with fire drills, they would know the correct procedure on how to vacate the building in an organized manner. The company should also provide training for a certain number of staff in First Aid. This is because if there is any accident that occurs in the workplace, the victim could be attended to immediately while waiting for the arrival of the ambulance. This is vital because in many cases, lives were lost because no immediate attention was given to them. This committee should also work closely with the fire department to learn any latest information regarding safety. They should also encourage frequent checking of the electrical wiring in the company because wires tend to wear off over the years. Even though the Tourism industry usually deals with tourists and giving them the best services available, it is also important to ensure that safety of the tourist. To do so it is best to start with the company. This is because without the concern of safety in the office, how it is expected that the safety of the customers can be guaranteed. Often many people overlooked the issue of safety in their working environment because it rarely happens, but bear in mind that accidents happen without a warning and it is always better to be prepared for it.

Explain Freud’s psychoanalytic theory of personality development

Sigmund Freud practiced as a psychiatrist in Vienna in the late nineteenth century. He mainly treated neurotic middle-aged women and his observations and case studies of these women led Freud to propose a theory of personality development. The main basic principle of his study suggested that adult personality is the result of an interaction between innate drives (such as the desire for pleasure) and early experience. Freud proposed that individual personality differences can be traced back to the way the early conflicts between desire and experience were handled. These conflicts remain with the adult and exert pressure through unconsciously motivated behaviour. Freud's theory proposed that the mind can be divided into three main parts. These are the id, ego and superego. The id contains innate sexual and aggressive instincts and works alongside the pleasure principle, which searches for immediate satisfaction. The ego is the conscious, rational mind and works on the reality principle. Last is the superego. This is the conscience and knows between right and wrong. These can be related to personality s each person may be dominated by a part of the mind. For example, people who are dominated by their Id are said to be ‘erotic' and seek pleasure. Freud also defined stages of psychosexual development. These stages are oral, anal, phallic, latency and genital. If a child experiences severe problems or excessive pleasure at any stage during development, this can lead to fixation which can then lead to differences in personality. Regression can also occur if adults experience stressful situations. Freud believed that both fixation and regression play important roles in determining adult personality. A good example of this can be seen in children that become fixated on the anal stage. They feel that they can control their bodily functions and enjoy retaining faeces. Fixation on retaining faeces can lead to an anal retentive personality type. This type is characterised as being clean, orderly and obstinate. Ego defence is also a process involved in the development of personality. There are a variety of defence mechanisms used as protection by the ego. Denial is a very good example of this. This is refusing to accept the existence of a threatening event e.g. some patients suffering from a life-threatening illness may deny that the illness is affecting their lives. Freud saw these defences as unhealthy and believed that they affecting personality development. Much of Freud's work was supported by other research evidence whereas others conflicted with his work. Evidence supporting Freud's theory of fixation was published by Rosenwald (1972). He found that people who scored high for anal retentiveness were reluctant to put their hands into a brown substance resembling excrement. This suggests that anal retentives do have anxieties about faeces. Freud's theory can also be used to explain ‘inconsistency' (‘part of me wants to, but the other part doesn't'). it also largely omitted social influences and promoted a deterministic, biological view. Also criticisms of Freud's theory include that Freud conducted his study on middle-classes white Viennese women and so is hard to generalise for other cultures.

Funding Proposal for Unintentional falls in Older Adults - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1882 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2019/10/10 Did you like this example? Introduction Executive Summary Our community health foundation requests an estimated amount of $55,209 in order to sponsor an inventive dietetics as well as ensuring there is improved healthy living plan for K-2 kid. The plan will be designed to serve approximately 200-300 students every five weeks in the course of a year, this will be realized by teaching those perceived to be of low income the significance of choosing healthy foods to prepare from the onset in order to counteract obesity in childhood early in advance. Our foundation’s mission is to educate kids that taking healthy meals as well as taking care of their bodies tends to be a fun hence being a vital pillar to live long as well as having healthy life. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Funding Proposal for Unintentional falls in Older Adults" essay for you Create order By the foundation setting up school health programs, children will be furnished with adequate knowledge, attitudes as well as necessary skills which will assist in making smart choices when it comes to eating as well as taking care of their state of health. Description of Program Our foundation has come up with a team of five registered Dietitians who will be tasked with the role of traversing those schools perceived to be of low income in Michigan for purposes of educating K-2 students on matters regarding both nutrition and healthy living. The program has been scheduled to take duration of six weeks whereby the curriculum gives room for discussion engagements as well as those activities that teach kids on how particular choices will impact their healthy in some years to come, and the reason it is vital to take safety measures early in advance. As the program progresses, children will have the freedom to explore new food items. As per the plan, this program will be executed for twelve months. In addition, for purposes of analysis, information will be gathered for one year after the program year is complete. Therefore, two years will be the total length of the project. Statement of Need Rates of obesity have reached extreme levels in the United States. In this regard, according to the control centre for illness, about 17% (this is equivalent to 12.5 million) children as well as adolescents has nearly become thrice the number in 1980. Due to increased number of incidences reported, it becomes difficult to believe that less than 15% of uncomplicated students take five or more servings of fruits and vegetables on daily basis as recommended. A portion of 30% of those students eat less than one serving of vegetable a day whereby one quarter of the vegetables eaten are French fries. Therefore, the need for help is as clear as can be. According to the data obtained from the office of the surgeon General, 300,000 deaths each year in the united states are as a result of obesity; this indicates the significance of taking preventive measures by introducing health programs in schools so that kids can be taught on how to live a healthy lifestyle as early as possible therefore averting such illnesses. Heart disease among others like cancer, fatty liver disease, breathing problems can be brought about by factors like overweight or obese. Children who are obese have high risk of becoming target of teasing as well as social isolation that may finally result to poor self esteem. Children who are obese tend to be more likely to become obese as an adult which happens to be not only costly to their bodies but also for their wallets. In this regard it will take a very small portion of that cost in order to facilitate this program to be a success for the sake of doing away with this obesity outbreak from becoming more dreadful Objectives To increase awareness regarding obesity and also train children on how to avoid being obese. To ensure that parents get the necessary information they require which will assist them understand that eating healthy doesn’t necessarily have to cost more. Also they need to be shown how to apply for the assistance from the government in case they are able to receive. iii. To demonstrate to teachers how integration of the program material into their curriculum will be helpful so that they will be in a position to emphasize the material coverage and more once in a week. To offer education to families of K-2 students ensuring parents are engaged as well as sending flyers home with the kids in order to stick on their refrigerators as a reminder to making choices which are healthy. Methods   Details of the program In number each school will be assigned to one dietitian for the entire length of the program. The schedule will be planned such that dietitian will teach classes not exceeding 50 students at a go. For instance, if a school has an enrolment of 200 K-2 students, therefore they will be divided into four groups whereby the dietitian will have to spend four hours in total at the school each day; this means each group will be entitled to one hour. During the study the students will get an opportunity to learn what obesity entails, the health problems attached to it and therefore learn how to take measures in order to do away with it hence staying healthy. At the beginning of the program this section will be stressed for the children to comprehend the reason they should care about as well as concentrating to the material. Health problems details related to obesity will not be covered, but in return an overview of an age appropriate will cover vital facts regarding obesity which should be known to children. The concentration will be how grow up to be healthy and stronger by receiving right as well as staying active. In order to adjust the negative implications the program will introduce children to a wide variety of fruits as well as vegetables and the different forms they come in for instance, banana bread, canned peas among others. Students will be offered a chance by the plan to discover new foods in the entire six weeks so that they can commence to restructure on what they take. In this regard, it is vital to educate children at their early stages that getting servings of fruits and vegetables daily does not necessarily mean taking them when raw, and blending them can be quite tasty. Inadequate opportunities for kids to learn about meals from their parents have been fueled by the increased number of single parent families together with households where both parents happen to work. As a result of this, the registered dietitians will educate students easy, and healthy snacks they can prepare by themselves, or teach their parents how to bake them. Through engagements in activities as well as discussions, students will be in a position to think of food comprising of a wide variety of ingredients so that they can have a fun way to know the importance of taking foods of different colors of the rainbow for instance; this will contribute to getting all the required nutrients by the body in order to be healthy and strong. Kids will get an opportunity to learn what one serving looks like, and the easy ways to quantify one serving. Students will also get to know the quantity of servings of each food group they are supposed to take on daily basis and they will also learn how to be familiar with one serving so that they can estimate the number of servings remaining. In the course of the program, teachers will have an opportunity to monitor different ways to teach students about being healthy so that they will have necessary tools to achieve the goal nutrition teaching once a week. Education to families on how to become healthier, diverse material will be taken to parents by their children for instance, flyers with hints on how to save money at the grocery store by shopping smart, coupons among others. Fridays will be set for summarizing as well as reviewing the material in order to give room to reinforce the information for the kids and to sum up the lessons of the entire week for parents. Evaluation Each and every project is supposed to use simple evaluation tools to assist in measurement of the impact that activities of the project had on healthy eating, physical activity as well as prevention. Preferably, each and every project would achieve one or more of the quantifiable results. In this regard, it will be a requirement for teachers as well as staff who oversee the lunch to ensure each student has brought a fruit together with vegetable for snack at least four times randomly per month for duration of one year after the completion of the program. Once the students achieve their goal on average, it will portray the accomplishment of the first objective. The second objective will be quantified by having both teachers and lunch staff fill questionnaires about how they reacted to the program and if they abided by the guidelines given during teaching times about health once a week for duration of one year upon accomplishment of the program. Parents of those children who participated in the program will receive surveys in order to find out whether they are receiving assistance from the regime since the agenda begun. Also, it assists in retrieving information about the effect the agenda has had on eating habits of families.  Ã‚  Ã‚   Questions will also be raised in surveys to find out whether the parents have used any kind of recipes provided by the agenda and also if they have found the take home useful. Also, advancement in healthy eating, as evidenced by an increase both fruit and vegetable intake will be put into practice. Eventually, both parents and teachers will be presented with space on the questionnaire to leave their remarks on how the agenda can be made better. Dissemination of project results Conveyance or distribution of information of the grant-funded project in order to be accessible to everyone in different ranks for instance, at local level, state level, national level as well as an international level. The following are ways in which the information can be made accessible to the public; By publicizing the outcomes of the project in the newsletter perceived to be of the district, on the website and also on your local television channels. Other alternatives of carrying out the same can be through undertaking presentations at school board meetings as well as to parents. To ensure information of the project reaches at the state level, the school will be tasked with ensuring information is published to the projects area of focus. Also by considering doing workshop presentations or poster sessions at state conference. iii. By submitting studies for review by going to the website. By considering holding a webinar, in connection with one or more joint partners in the project. Sample Budget and Justification The budget of this plan is sub-divided into sections in order to give a clear picture of how much will be required in each position for the project to be considered as a success. Personnel: At this point it is mandatory that employees positions as well as the names of the applicant, together with those costs referred to as in-kind for their respective positions as related to the tasks they undertake in the grant project should be provided.